cvx-300 excimer xecl laser system  (Spectranetics)

Journal: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Article Title: Endovascular Debulking of Human Carotid Plaques by Using an Excimer Laser Combined With Balloon Angioplasty: An ex vivo Study

doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.700497

Figure Lengend Snippet: Carotid plaque images, experimental images, and flowchart. (A,B) Intraoperative and sample images of the carotid plaque during and after carotid endarterectomy. (C) Image from excimer laser ablation. A flashlight was radiated from the laser catheter. The white arrow indicates the distal embolic protection device. (D) Schematic diagram of the sample holding device. An H-shaped incision was made on the main pipe ( black solid line ) for putting the carotid plaque and two short pipes ( blue dot line ) in. Another short pipe ( yellow dashed line ) was placed over the main pipe to seal the H-shaped incision. All pipes are made of silicon and are transparent. (E) Flowchart of the study. Several pictures used in the flowchart were obtained from the Internet. Micro-CT, micro-computed tomography; SEM, scanning electron microscope.

Article Snippet: The 308-nm XeCl excimer laser system (CVX-300 Spectranetics ® Philips, San Diego, CA, USA) was operated at an energy of 45 mJ/mm 2 and a repetition rate of 25 Hz.

Techniques: Micro-CT, Microscopy

Journal: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Article Title: Endovascular Debulking of Human Carotid Plaques by Using an Excimer Laser Combined With Balloon Angioplasty: An ex vivo Study

doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.700497

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of debris and observation of the plaque lumen surface after device treatments. (A–C) Hematoxylin–eosin staining images of the microdebris from the three groups. (D–F) Comparison of the mean total debris amount (D) , mean area (E) , and mean number of debris with Feret ≥ 40 μm (F) of the three groups. (G–L) Histogram of the microdebris area and Feret of three carotid plaques from the three groups. (M–O) Movat's pentachrome staining images of microdebris from the three groups. (Q) Debris composition of the three groups based on the quantification of Movat's pentachrome staining. (P) Scatter plot of the area and Feret of three samples from the three groups. (R–W) Relative frequency map of the debris area and Feret of the three groups. (X–Z) Micromorphological images of the plaque lumen surface. Laser, excimer laser alone group; Laser + Balloon, excimer laser combined with balloon group; Balloon, balloon alone group; Feret, maximum caliper diameter; ns, not significant. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The 308-nm XeCl excimer laser system (CVX-300 Spectranetics ® Philips, San Diego, CA, USA) was operated at an energy of 45 mJ/mm 2 and a repetition rate of 25 Hz.

Techniques: Staining, Comparison

Journal: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Article Title: Endovascular Debulking of Human Carotid Plaques by Using an Excimer Laser Combined With Balloon Angioplasty: An ex vivo Study

doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.700497

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vivo carotid arteries and ex vivo treated plaques with co-registration between CTA, Micro-CT, 3D reconstruction, and histology in longitudinal and transversal views. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the lumen of carotid arteries ( A0, B0 , and C0 ) and treated plaques ( A2, B2 , and C2 ) based on images from CTA and Micro-CT. The reconstructed lumen of in vivo plaque before the experiment ( A1, B1 , and C1 ) was cropped from the reconstructed arteries. Perspective view of the plaque taken by Micro-CT ( A3, B3 , and C3 ). The cross-sections of CTA ( A4, B4 , and C4 ) and Micro-CT ( A5, B5 , and C5 ) correspond to the levels demonstrated in A1, B1, and C1 and in A2, B2, and C2 ( blue and red ). White arrow indicates the internal carotid artery. Hematoxylin–eosin staining ( A6, B6 , and C6 ), Masson trichrome staining ( A7, B7 , and C7 ), and Movat's pentachrome staining ( A8, B8 , and C8 ) correspond to the cross-sections of Micro-CT. Red arrows indicate the curved boundaries of the plaque lumen after excimer laser debulking. Blue arrows indicate the cracks produced by balloon angioplasty. CTA, computed tomography angiography; Micro CT, micro-computed tomography; 3D reconstruction, three-dimensional construction. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. (A) CTA, Micro-CT, and histological images of sample from group 1. (B) CTA, Micro-CT, and histological images of sample from group 3. (C) CTA, Micro-CT, and histological images of sample from group 2. (D) Mean lumen area of plaques in group 1 before and after treatment. (E) Mean lumen area of plaques in group 3 before and after treatment. (F) Mean lumen area of plaques in group 2 before and after treatment.

Article Snippet: The 308-nm XeCl excimer laser system (CVX-300 Spectranetics ® Philips, San Diego, CA, USA) was operated at an energy of 45 mJ/mm 2 and a repetition rate of 25 Hz.

Techniques: In Vivo, Ex Vivo, Micro-CT, Staining, Produced, Computed Tomography